Explore the flora, fauna, heritage trees and People's Biodiversity Registers that make Bihar ecologically unique.
Bihar harbours over 5,400 species of vascular plants across deciduous forests, riverine ecosystems, wetlands and farms.
Shorea robusta
Dominant tree of Bihar's deciduous forests, prized for durable timber and resinous bark. Sal forests are keystone habitats for many species.
Madhuca longifolia
Sacred to tribal communities of Bihar; flowers are used for food, oil and traditional beverages. An important livelihood species.
Ficus religiosa
Culturally revered keystone species supporting many birds, bats and insects. Known for its heart-shaped leaves.
Nelumbo nucifera
National flower of India; thrives in Bihar's wetlands, ponds and oxbow lakes. Cultural and religious significance.
Bambusa spp.
Vital livelihood resource and rapid carbon sink. Used in construction, crafts and paper industries.
Azadirachta indica
Medicinal tree found across rural Bihar. Every part of the tree has traditional medicinal uses.
Ocimum sanctum
Sacred herb of India with strong medicinal properties. Widely cultivated in households.
Terminalia arjuna
Medicinal tree found along Bihar's rivers, known for its cardio-protective bark.